A polypeptide comprising (i) a MeCP2 protein or biologically active fragment or a derivative of said protein or fragment, and (ii) a protein transduction domain, wherein the MeCP2 protein is fused with the protein transduction domain , to use in a method to treat a neurodegenerative disease or a neurodevelopmental disease; wherein said fragment comprises at least 150 amino acids of the MeCP2 protein; and wherein said derivative of said protein or fragment has at least 60% identity with said MeCP2 protein or fragment thereof; and wherein said fragment or said derivative has at least 60% of said biological activity, as determined by an in vitro transcription assay described by Nan, X et al., Cell 88: 471-481 (1997).
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