The invention relates to a method for the treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis in a genetically distinct sub-cohort of human pulmonary fibrosis patients. The method comprises a step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of interferon-beta to a patient that is identified as carrying the C1234→T polymorphism in one or both alleles of the TLR-3 gene by assaying a biological sample from the patient for the presence of the polymorphism. Related aspects of the invention include diagnosis or prognosis of an aggressive phenotype of IPF or sarcoidosis or early mortality risk, stratification of pulmonary fibrosis patients according to need for a lung transplant, and selection of patients for participation in a clinical trial for a pulmonary fibrosis drug.
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