An apparatus for teaching statistics concepts includes a simulation module that generates a simulation of subject elements moving from a first portion of a simulated space to a second portion of the simulated space, where the simulated space has a treatment path and a non-treatment path. A propensity module utilizes one or more propensity inputs to the simulation module to affect a propensity of the subject elements to move on the treatment path to have treatment functions applied. A treatment module applies the treatment functions to the subject elements moving on the treatment path, where the treatment functions are configured to affect at least one output measure of the subject elements. A display module displays the simulation of the subject elements having the propensity inputs applied, application of the treatment functions, and the at least one output measure.
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