Disclosed is a successive approximation algorithm-based ADC self-correcting circuit, comprising: a coding circuit, a voltage dividing resistor string, a comparator array, a multi-path selection switch, a first digital-to-analog converter, a reference circuit, a control register, and a data register; an input end of the coding circuit is connected to an output end of the comparator array; a positive-phase input end of each comparator in the comparator array is connected to a mobile end of the multi-path selection switch; a negative-phase input end of each comparator in the comparator array is correspondingly connected between each two neighboring resistors in the voltage dividing resistor string; an enabling end of the comparator array is connected to the control register; a first immobile end of the multi-path selection switch is used for receiving an analog signal, a second immobile send is connected to an output end of the first digital-to-analog converter, and a control end is connected to the control register; the reference circuit is connected to the voltage dividing resistor string and the comparator array for use to correct an intermediate level and voltage range of the voltage dividing resistor string to be consistent with that of the output of the first digital-to-analog converter.
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