The invention relates to the novel medical indication for the use of Lactobacillus buchneri for increasing the fertility of a female mammal by intra-uterine application of the Lactobacillus buchneri, the mammal having sub-clinical endometritis characterised by a lack of clinical symptoms of endometritis and a proportion of polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes of greater than 5 % of the total number of cells in a smear of endometrial cells of the mammal. The invention also relates to the use of Lactobacillus buchneri as a constituent of a sperm preparation and to a sperm preparation of this type.
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