Disclosed in the present invention are a multi-network integration-based smart urban illumination management system and a positioning method, said system comprising a remote cloud server, lamps, and smart lamp covers which are mounted on the lamps respectively for monitoring the operation of the lamps; each smart lamp cover is internally provided with an NB_IOT terminal, or a PLC cable anti-theft terminal, or a LORA terminal, or the NB_IOT terminal and the PLC cable anti-theft terminal, or the LORA terminal and the PLC cable anti-theft terminal; the NB_IOT terminal or the LORA terminal is connected to the internal line of the lamp and is used for monitoring the state of the lamp; and the PLC cable anti-theft terminal is connected to a cable where the lamp is located and is used for monitoring the state of the cable where the lamp is located. The remote cloud server implements network communication with the NB_IOT terminal by means of an NB_IOT wide area network, or implements network communication with the PLC cable anti-theft terminal by means of the NB_IOT wide area network and a power line carrier to NB_IOT gateway, or implements network communication with the LORA terminal by means of the NB_IOT wide area network and an LORA to NB_IOT gateway, thereby realizing remote monitoring of the lamps.
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