The present invention relates to an exosome-based, cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation inducing method and, more particularly, to a method for transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes, the method, comprising the steps of: isolating exosomes from a culture medium during differentiation of stem cells into cardiomyocytes; culturing fibroblasts in a cardiac reprogramming medium containing the isolated exosomes; and culturing the fibroblasts, cultured in the cardiac reprogramming medium, in a cardiomyocyte inducing culture medium containing the exosomes.
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