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Development of corona-based power supplies for remote repeater stations for overhead HVDC power transmission systems

机译:为架空HVDC电力传输系统开发用于远程中继站的电晕电源

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摘要

More and more people worldwide are becoming “carbon conscious”. This means they are becoming increasingly aware of the imminent adverse effects of global warming. Of late there has been an urgent drive for governments to be on the forefront of all carbon mitigation initiatives. One such drive involves the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change whose parties have been meeting regularly under the banner of Conference of Parties (COP) since 1995. At this conference, parties to the convention review progress made in dealing with climate change. Also key to the deliberations in such meetings are better ways of developing cleaner “carbon free” energy sources. Energy sources of this nature are commonly known as renewable energy sources. In essence global energy trends are constantly moving towards development of more renewable energy sources. It is an undeniable fact that some of viable renewable energy sources especially those with bulk capacity are usually located remotely from load centers. This inevitable reality necessitates the construction of long distance bulk power transmission corridors to link generation sites with load centers. Due to its many inherent advantages over High Voltage Alternate Current (HVAC) for long distance power transmission, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) is gradually winning the favor of many utilities. In fact, recent advances in HVDC technology have encouraged many utilities to explore the possibility of harnessing remotely located renewable energy sources which would have otherwise not been viable with HVAC transmission. Through the unfortunate and inevitable phenomenon known as corona effect, overhead HVDC conductors suffer real power losses to the air dielectric surrounding them. Through corona, part of the energy carried on the transmission line is expended through ionization and movement of charges in the air dielectric. This study combined physics, mathematical as well engineering concepts to review corona phenomenon around HVDC lines with specific emphasis on space charge generation and motion within ionized DC fields as well as the influence of temperature on corona discharge or power loss. Also, unlike HVAC, performance of an HVDC system relies heavily on the availability of a reliable and robust telecommunication system. One of the key ways of ensuring reliability of a telecommunication system is by making sure that reliable power supplies are in place to power remote repeater stations. A novel concept of quasi-autonomous corona-based power supply (or QC power supply in short) that works on the principle of magnetohydrodymic (MHD) power generation was developed. A small scale experiment was then designed to assess the feasibility of such power supplies. The experiment was conducted with DC supply of a maximum rated voltage of 30 kVDC and generated up to 6 VDC at an optimum ambient temperature of 23°C. These results have confirmed that with further development QC power supplies have the potential of proving reliable power to remotely located repeaters or any other small critical loads along the stretch of the HVDC transmission line. Practical HVDC transmission systems operate voltages in the excess of 500 kV. By linear extrapolation of the above mentioned results; one would expect to yield up to 100-, 120- and 160-VDC from a 500-, 600- and 800- kV HVDC system, respectively. Although the study succeeded in conceptualizing a CMHD idea upon which the novel QC power supply was developed, quite extensive and rigorous design, modeling, prototyping and experimentation processes are still required before the first QC power supply can be commissioned on a practical HVDC line
机译:全球越来越多的人正在变得“碳意识”。这意味着他们越来越意识到全球变暖的迫在眉睫的不利影响。最近,迫切要求政府走在所有减碳倡议的前列。自1995年以来,《联合国气候变化框架公约》的缔约方一直在缔约方大会的主持下定期举行会议。在这一会议上,公约缔约方审查了应对气候变化的进展。在此类会议上进行讨论的另一个关键是开发更清洁的“无碳”能源的更好方法。这种能源通常被称为可再生能源。本质上,全球能源趋势一直在朝着开发更多可再生能源的方向发展。不可否认的事实是,一些可行的可再生能源,尤其是那些具有大容量的可再生能源,通常位于远离负荷中心的位置。这种不可避免的现实需要建造长距离大功率输电通道,以连接发电站和负荷中心。由于其在长距离输电方面比高压交流电(HVAC)具有许多固有的优势,因此高压直流电(HVDC)逐渐赢得了许多公用事业的青睐。实际上,HVDC技术的最新发展鼓励了许多公用事业公司探索利用偏远地区的可再生能源的可能性,而这种能源否则将无法在HVAC传输中实现。通过被称为电晕效应的不幸和不可避免的现象,架空的HVDC导体会对其周围的空气电介质产生实际功率损耗。通过电晕,传输线上携带的部分能量通过电离和空气电介质中电荷的移动而消耗。这项研究结合了物理,数学以及工程学的概念,以回顾HVDC线路周围的电晕现象,特别着重于空间电荷的产生和在电离DC场内的运动以及温度对电晕放电或功率损耗的影响。而且,与HVAC不同,HVDC系统的性能在很大程度上取决于可靠和强大的电信系统的可用性。确保电信系统可靠性的关键方法之一是通过确保可靠的电源为远程中继站供电。提出了一种基于磁流体动力(MHD)发电原理的准自主的基于电晕的电源(或简称QC电源)的新概念。然后设计了一个小规模的实验来评估这种电源的可行性。实验是在最大额定电压为30 kVDC的直流电源下进行的,并在23°C的最佳环境温度下产生高达6 VDC的电压。这些结果已经证实,随着进一步的发展,QC电源具有向HDA输电线路沿线的远程中继器或任何其他小关键负载提供可靠电源的潜力。实际的高压直流输电系统的工作电压超过500 kV。通过对上述结果进行线性外推;人们会期望分别从500 kV,600 kV和800 kV的HVDC系统产生最高100 VDC,120 VDC和160 VDC的电压。尽管研究成功地将开发新型QC电源的CMHD概念概念化,但是在可以在实际的HVDC线路上调试首个QC电源之前,仍然需要进行相当广泛且严格的设计,建模,原型制作和实验过程。

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  • 作者

    Kaseke R;

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  • 年度 2012
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 English
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