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Wildlife Conservation Sunflower Plots and Croplands as Fall Habitat for Migratory Birds

机译:野生动物保护向日葵地块和农田作为秋天 候鸟栖息地

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摘要

Agricultural fields are often overlooked as post-breeding and migratory bird habitat, even though many species use row-crop fields in the northern Great Plains. We monitored bird use, crop and non-crop vegetation characteristics and abundance, and land use around (≤2.4 km) 35 8-ha Wildlife Conservation Sunflower Plots (WCSP) and one commercial sunflower and non-sunflower row-crop field, paired with each WCSP, in fall 2004 and 2005. We excluded four species of blackbirds from our analysis that commonly form large foraging flocks and ubiquitously use agricultural fields. A diverse community of migratory birds used WCSP and commercial sunflower compared to other non-sunflower crops in North Dakota. Both WCSP (mean = 24.4 birds/ha, SE = 2.7) and commercial sunflower (mean = 12.7 birds/ha, SE = 1.7) harbored greater densities of birds (P \u3c 0.01) than did other non-sunflower row crops (mean 5 7.2 birds/ha, SE = 1.1). Migratory birds were more strongly associated with vegetation within fields, such as crop density (+), non-crop plant abundance (+) and crop height (+), than surrounding land uses (0–2.4 km from WCSP). We recommend management practices to maximize WCSP for fall bird habitat and discuss economic considerations for WCSP implementation as a wildlife habitat / blackbird damage management system.
机译:尽管许多物种在大平原北部使用田间作物田,但农田通常被视为育种和候鸟栖息地。我们监测了鸟类利用,作物和非农作物的植被特征和丰度,以及(≤2.4km)35公顷的8公顷野生生物保护向日葵田地(WCSP)和一个商业向日葵和非向日葵农作物田地的土地利用,并与每个WCSP分别于2004年秋季和2005年秋季发布。我们从分析中排除了四种通常形成大型觅食羊群并普遍使用农田的黑鸟。与北达科他州的其他非向日葵作物相比,各种各样的候鸟群落使用了WCSP和商业向日葵。 WCSP(平均= 24.4鸟/公顷,SE = 2.7)和商品向日葵(平均= 12.7鸟/公顷,SE = 1.7)比其他非向日葵行作物(平均)具有更高的密度(P = 0.01)。 5 7.2羽/公顷,SE = 1.1)。与周围土地利用(距WCSP 0-2.4公里)相比,候鸟与田间植被之间的联系更为紧密,例如作物密度(+),非农作物丰度(+)和作物高度(+)。我们建议采取管理措施,以最大限度地提高落鸟栖息地的WCSP,并讨论将WCSP实施为野生动物栖息地/黑鸟破坏管理系统的经济考虑。

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