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Multiple satellite observations of cloud cover in extratropical cyclones

机译:温带气旋云层的多次卫星观测

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摘要

Using cloud observations from NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer, and CloudSat‐CALIPSO, composites of cloud fraction in southern and northern hemisphere extratropical cyclones are obtained for cold and warm seasons between 2006 and 2010, to assess differences between these three data sets, and between summer and winter cyclones. In both hemispheres and seasons, over the open ocean, the cyclone‐centered cloud fraction composites agree within 5% across the three data sets, but behind the cold fronts, or over sea ice and land, the differences are much larger. To supplement the data set comparison and learn more about the cyclones, we also examine the differences in cloud fraction between cold and warm season for each data set. The difference in cloud fraction between cold and warm season southern hemisphere cyclones is small for all three data sets, but of the same order of magnitude as the differences between the data sets. The cold‐warm season contrast in northern hemisphere cyclone cloud fractions is similar for all three data sets: in the warm sector, the cold season cloud fractions are lower close to the low, but larger on the equator edge than their warm season counterparts. This seasonal contrast in cloud fraction within the cyclones warm sector seems to be related to the seasonal differences in moisture flux within the cyclones. Our analysis suggests that the three different data sets can all be used confidently when studying the warm sector and warm frontal zone of extratropical cyclones but caution should be exerted when studying clouds in the cold sector. Key points Cyclone‐centered cloud fraction composites from three data sets are compared Seasonal contrast in cyclone cloudiness is more pronounced in NH than SH The three data sets together better constrain models than individually
机译:利用NASA中分辨率成像光谱仪,多角度成像光谱仪和CloudSat-CALIPSO的云观测资料,获得了2006年至2010年南半球北半球温带气旋的冷和暖季节云成分的组合,以评估这三个数据集之间的差异,以及夏季和冬季的气旋。在半球和四季中,在公海中,以气旋为中心的云分数复合物在这三个数据集中的一致性在5%以内,但在冷锋之后或在海冰和陆地上,差异要大得多。为了补充数据集的比较并了解旋风的更多信息,我们还检查了每个数据集在寒冷和温暖季节之间的云量差异。对于这三个数据集,冷季和暖季南半球气旋之间的云分数差异很小,但与数据集之间的差异具有相同的数量级。对于所有三个数据集,北半球气旋云组分的冷暖季节对比都相似:在暖区,冷季云组分在低点附近接近低点,但在赤道边缘比暖季对应部分更大。旋风暖区内云量比例的这种季节性对比似乎与旋风内水分通量的季节差异有关。我们的分析表明,在研究温带气旋的暖区和暖锋区时,可以放心地使用这三个不同的数据集,但是在研究冷区的云时应谨慎行事。比较了三个数据集中以旋风为中心的云组分的关键点NH中的气旋云度的季节性对比比SH更为明显这三个数据集在一起的约束模型比单独的要好

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