American politics is polarized as never before, something that is also reflected in Congress. This polarization means that it has become increasingly difficulty for the Executive to gain approval for their government appointments in the Senate. One way that the President can circumvent this problem is to make appointments whilst the Senate is in recess. But what are the consequences of recess appointments? In new research, Susan M. Miller finds that government programs managed by recess appointees are associated with lower performance than those managed by non-recess appointments and career professionals. She argues that, in light of these findings, reforms such as last year’s move to limit the threat of filibuster for executive and some judicial positions may be a step in the right direction towards reducing the Executive’s need to make recess appointments.
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机译：美国政治从未有过两极分化，这也反映在国会上。这种两极分化意味着，行政长官越来越难以获得参议院政府任命的批准。总统解决这个问题的一种方法是在参议院休会期间任命。但是，休假的后果是什么？在新的研究中，苏珊·米勒（Susan M. Miller）发现，与由非休假任命和职业专业人员管理的计划相比，由休假任命的人管理的政府计划的绩效较低。她认为，鉴于这些发现，去年采取了一些改革措施以限制对执行官的不公正对待的威胁，而某些司法职位可能是朝着减少执行官任命空缺职位的正确方向迈出的一步。
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