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The use of remote sensing to scale up measures of carbonate production on reef systems: a comparison of hydrochemical and census-based estimation methods

机译:利用遥感技术扩大礁石系统碳酸盐生产的规模:水化学和普查估算方法的比较

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摘要

The present study uses remote-sensing imagery to estimate carbonate production of the complete One Tree Island reef system, Great Barrier Reef, using hydrochemical (alkalinity reduction) and census-based (budgetary) methods. For five sites representing different benthic cover types across the reef system, carbonate production is determined using hydrochemical techniques that incubate substrates in a local aquarium and measure total alkalinity, total ammonia nitrogen, and total oxidized nitrogen. Local estimates are scaled up to the reef-system scale using a WorldView-2 satellite image, which is ground truthed against a field data set of 350 spatially referenced records of benthic assemblage. Annual total reef system carbonate production based on hydrochemical and census-based methods is estimated at 40,335 and 38,998 tonnes of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), respectively. The minimal difference (0.3%) between these estimates is attributed to under representation of small carbonate producers, such as benthic foraminifera, which are difficult to incorporate in the underwater video methodology employed to populate census budgets. This finding demonstrates the utility of remote sensing for upscaling local measures of carbonate production across reef systems accurately and consistently in spite of the use of different initial estimation methods.
机译:本研究使用遥感图像通过水化学法(降低碱度)和普查法(预算法)估算完整的一棵树岛礁系统大堡礁的碳酸盐产量。对于代表整个礁石系统底栖盖层类型不同的五个地点,使用水化学技术确定碳酸盐的产量,该技术可在本地水族馆中培育底物并测量总碱度,总氨氮和总氧化氮。使用WorldView-2卫星图像,可以将局部估计值放大到珊瑚礁系统的规模,该图像根据350个底栖动物的空间参考记录的现场数据集进行了地面真实处理。基于水化学法和普查法的珊瑚礁系统碳酸盐年总产量分别估计为40,335吨和38,998吨碳酸钙(CaCO3)。这些估算值之间的最小差异(0.3%)归因于碳酸盐小生产者(例如底栖有孔虫)的代表性不足,这些碳酸盐生产者难以纳入用于填充人口普查预算的水下视频方法中。这一发现表明,尽管使用了不同的初始估算方法,但遥感仍可准确,一致地扩大整个礁石系统碳酸盐产量的局部测量值。

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