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Variability and genetic components of innate fruit odour recognition in a parasitoid of Drosophila.

机译:果蝇的寄生虫中先天水果气味识别的变异性和遗传成分。

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摘要

This study aims to investigate the genetic variability of olfactory responses to odours from the host habitat, involved in host selection by insect parasitoids. The probing response of females to fruit and non-fruit odours was studied in Leptopilina boulardi Barbotin et al. (Hymenoptera, Figitidae), a parasitoid of the frugivorous Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Responses of two strains (from Nasrallah, Tunisia, and from Brazzaville, Congo) and their hybrids were compared. Probing is a searching mode by repeated ovipositor insertions into the breeding substrate to locate digging larvae. Most Brazzaville females exhibited innate ovipositor probing into agar in response to the fruit aromas (banana, orange, pear, prickly pear), whereas this was rare in the Nasrallah strain. These four fruits are all breeding sites for D. melanogaster, whereas mushroom is not. Mushroom odour did not trigger any probing response in either strain. In addition, the latency of the probing response was shorter in Brazzaville females. Results from hybrid females (F1 and Backcross) showed that both probability to probe in response to a fruit aroma and latency of the response were strongly heritable. Regarding the probability to probe, there was an apparent complete dominance of Nasrallah characteristics, whereas additive inheritance was found in the Brazzaville lineage. The contrast between reciprocal F1 hybrids suggested a strong interaction with non-chromosomal factors. It is suggested that a cytoplasmic factor in the Nasrallah strain decreases females' propensity to probe in response to significant odours. The latency of probing appeared to be under a chromosomal influence. Thus, this study identifies a strong genetic component in the responses to odours from the host habitat. It also provides information on the genetic basis of the two characters studied.
机译:这项研究的目的是调查嗅觉对寄主生境气味的嗅觉反应的遗传变异性,这些变异涉及昆虫寄生类动物的寄主选择。 Leoptopilina boulardi Barbotin等人研究了雌性对水果和非水果气味的探测响应。 (Hymenoptera,Figitidae),一种节食的果蝇果蝇幼虫的寄生虫。比较了两种菌株(突尼斯纳斯拉拉和刚果布拉柴维尔)及其杂种的反应。探测是一种通过将产卵器重复插入繁殖基质中来定位挖掘幼虫的搜索模式。大多数布拉柴维尔雌性动物都表现出先天产卵子对琼脂的响应(香蕉,橙子,梨,刺梨),而这在纳斯拉拉菌株中很少见。这四个水果都是黑腹果蝇的繁殖地,而蘑菇则不是。蘑菇气味在两种菌株中均未触发任何探测反应。此外,布拉柴维尔女性的探测反应潜伏期较短。杂种雌性(F1和回交)的结果表明,响应水果香气的探测概率和响应潜伏期均很强。关于探测的可能性,Nasrallah特征明显地完全占优势,而在Brazzaville世系中发现了加性遗传。相互F1杂种之间的对比表明与非染色体因子的强烈相互作用。有人认为,纳斯拉拉菌株中的胞质因子会降低雌性对明显气味的探测倾向。探测的潜伏期似乎受染色体影响。因此,本研究确定了宿主寄主对气味的反应中强烈的遗传成分。它还提供了有关所研究的两个字符的遗传基础的信息。

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