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Korkeatehoisen latausinfrastruktuurin ja täyssähköisten työkoneiden käyttöönoton edellytykset satamaympäristössä

机译:在港口环境中引入高性能充电基础设施和全电动作业机械的前提条件

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摘要

Tightening environmental requirements and cheaper operating costs have led to replacing diesel machinery with electrical drives. Common challenges in machinery electrification is the dependency on the close proximity of electric supply, and low energy density and high prices of batteries. This master’s thesis studies the prerequisites of implementing high power charging infrastructure and electrical machinery in harbor environment. For this thesis, two qualitative interviews were conducted to form a comprehension about harbor environments and operations. Additionally, certain factors - such as available charging power and time - that affect the implementation of electrical powertrains, were understood better.Using these interviews, generic models of harbor operations were developed to assess the impact of the factors. Using design criteria, that include machinery power, operating time, yearly operating hours, battery energy content, and cycle duration, two total cost of ownership models were created for baseline cases of opportunity and depot charging concepts, and the results were compared to the cost of similar diesel machinery. The effect of the design criteria to the total cost - with other factors such as battery and infrastructure cost - was studied using sensitivity analysis, while recognizing key cost factors.Based on the models, it was found that opportunity charging is a technically feasible method to implement in harbors, while being financially profitable. The key factors for the opportunity charging concept are yearly usage, fleet size, and electricity price. The key factors for the depot charging concept are the unit cost of kWh for batteries, and battery lifetime. There is more uncertainty about the feasibility of the depot charging concept due to the large size and high cost of the battery. Also the total cost of ownership of the concept is very close to that of the diesel machinery.
机译:日益严格的环境要求和较低的运营成本已导致用电力驱动装置代替柴油机械。机械电气化的共同挑战是对电力供应的依赖程度高,能量密度低和电池价格高。该硕士论文研究了在港口环境中实施大功率充电基础设施和电机的前提条件。对于本论文,进行了两次定性访谈,以形成对港口环境和运营的理解。此外,对影响电力传动系统实施的某些因素(例如可用的充电功率和时间)也能更好地理解。使用这些访谈,开发了港口运营的通用模型来评估这些因素的影响。使用包括机械功率,运行时间,年度运行时间,电池能量含量和循环持续时间在内的设计标准,为机会和库房充电概念的基线情况创建了两个总拥有成本模型,并将结果与​​成本进行了比较类似的柴油机械。在识别关键成本因素的同时,使用敏感性分析研究了设计标准对总成本的影响,以及电池和基础设施成本等其他因素。基于这些模型,发现机会收费是一种技术可行的方法在港口实施,同时实现经济效益。机会收费概念的关键因素是年度使用量,车队规模和电价。仓库充电概念的关键因素是电池的千瓦时单位成本和电池寿命。由于电池的大尺寸和高成本,关于仓库充电概念的可行性存在更多不确定性。此外,该概念的总拥有成本与柴油机非常接近。

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    Raitaluoto Teemu;

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  • 年度 2015
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