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Optimisation of extraction and sludge dewatering efficiencies of bio-flocculants extracted from Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)

机译:最佳的提取从Abelmoschus esculentus(秋葵)的生物絮凝剂的提取和污泥脱水效率

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摘要

The production of natural biopolymers as flocculants for water treatment is highly desirable due to their inherent low toxicity and low environmental footprint. In this study, bio-flocculants were extracted from Hibiscus/Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) by using a water extraction method, and the extract yield and its performance in sludge dewatering were evaluated. Single factor experimental design was employed to obtain the optimum conditions for extraction temperature (25–90 °C), time (0.25–5 h), solvent loading (0.5–5 w/w) and agitation speed (0–225 rpm). Results showed that extraction yield was affected non-linearly by all experimental variables, whilst the sludge dewatering ability was only influenced by the temperature of the extraction process. The optimum extraction conditions were obtained at 70 °C, 2 h, solvent loading of 2.5 w/w and agitation at 200 rpm. Under the optimal conditions, the extract yield was 2.38%, which is comparable to the extraction of other polysaccharides (0.69–3.66%). The bio-flocculants displayed >98% removal of suspended solids and 68% water recovery during sludge dewatering, and were shown to be comparable with commercial polyacrylamide flocculants. This work shows that bio-flocculants could offer a feasible alternative to synthetic flocculants for water treatment and sludge dewatering applications, and can be extracted using only water as a solvent, minimising the environmental footprint of the extraction process.
机译:由于天然生物聚合物固有的低毒性和低环境足迹,因此非常需要生产天然生物聚合物作为用于水处理的絮凝剂。本研究采用水提法从芙蓉/秋葵中提取生物絮凝剂,并对其提取率及其在污泥脱水中的性能进行了评价。采用单因素实验设计来获得最佳条件,以达到萃取温度(25–90°C),时间(0.25–5 h),溶剂量(0.5–5 w / w)和搅拌速度(0–225 rpm)的最佳条件。结果表明,提取产率受所有实验变量的非线性影响,而污泥的脱水能力仅受提取过程温度的影响。最佳萃取条件是在70°C,2 h,2.5 w / w的溶剂负载和200 rpm的搅拌下获得的。在最佳条件下,提取物的收率为2.38%,与其他多糖的提取率(0.69–3.66%)相当。该生物絮凝剂在污泥脱水期间显示出> 98%的悬浮固体去除率和68%的水回收率,并且与商业聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂相当。这项工作表明,生物絮凝剂可以为合成絮凝剂提供可行的替代品,用于水处理和污泥脱水应用,并且可以仅使用水作为溶剂进行萃取,从而最大限度地减少了萃取过程的环境足迹。

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