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Uninterrupted optical light curves of main-belt asteroids from the K2 Mission

机译:来自K2任务的主带小行星的不间断光学曲线

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摘要

Due to the failure of the second reaction wheel, a new mission was conceived for the otherwise healthy Kepler space telescope. In the course of the K2 Mission, the telescope is staring at the plane of the Ecliptic, hence thousands of Solar System bodies cross the K2 fields, usually causing extra noise in the highly accurate photometric data. In this paper we follow the someone's noise is another one's signal principle and investigate the possibility of deriving continuous asteroid light curves, that has been unprecedented to date. In general, we are interested in the photometric precision that the K2 Mission can deliver on moving Solar System bodies. In particular, we investigate space photometric optical light curves of main-belt asteroids. We study the K2 superstamps covering the M35 and Neptune/Nereid fields observed in the long cadence (29.4-min sampling) mode. Asteroid light curves are generated by applying elongated apertures. We use the Lomb-Scargle method to find periodicities due to rotation. We derived K2 light curves of 924 main-belt asteroids in the M35 field, and 96 in the path of Neptune and Nereid. The light curves are quasi-continuous and several days long. K2 observations are sensitive to longer rotational periods than usual ground-based surveys. Rotational periods are derived for 26 main-belt asteroids for the first time. The asteroid sample is dominated by faint (>20 mag) objects. Due to the faintness of the asteroids and the high density of stars in the M35 field, only 4.0% of the asteroids with at least 12 data points show clear periodicities or trend signalling a long rotational period, as opposed to 15.9% in the less crowded Neptune field. We found that the duty cycle of the observations had to reach ~60% in order to successfully recover rotational periods.
机译:由于第二反作用轮的故障,原本健康的开普勒太空望远镜设想了一项新的任务。在执行K2任务期间,望远镜一直盯着黄道平面,因此成千上万的太阳系天体越过K2场,通常会在高度精确的光度数据中产生额外的噪声。在本文中,我们遵循某人的噪声是另一人的信号原理,并研究得出连续小行星光曲线的可能性,这是迄今为止前所未有的。总的来说,我们对K2任务可以在移动的太阳系物体上实现的光度精度感兴趣。特别是,我们研究了主带小行星的空间光度学光学曲线。我们研究了以长节奏(29.4分钟采样)模式观察到的覆盖M35和海王星/尼雷德场的K2超级标记。小行星光线曲线是通过应用细长孔而生成的。我们使用Lomb-Scargle方法来查找由于旋转引起的周期性。我们推导了M35场中924颗主带小行星的K2光曲线,以及海王星和Nereid路径中的96条小行星的K2光曲线。光曲线是准连续的,且持续数天。与常规的地面调查相比,K2观测对更长的旋转周期敏感。首次得出了26个主带小行星的自转周期。小行星样本主要由微弱(> 20 mag)的物体控制。由于小行星的微弱和M35场中恒星的高密度,只有4.0%的至少有12个数据点的小行星表现出明显的周期性或趋势,暗示着一个较长的自转周期,而拥挤程度较低的小行星则为15.9%海王星场。我们发现,观测值的占空比必须达到〜60%,才能成功恢复旋转周期。

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