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Loading Rates of Dust and Metals in Residential Houses of Arid and Dry Climatic Regions

机译:干旱和干旱气候区住宅中粉尘和金属的负载率

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摘要

Dust samples were collected from 38 naturally ventilated houses for 12 weeks. Effects of three variables in two groups each were evaluated: proximity to traffic density (main- and side-roads), cigarettes smoking (smoking and no-smoking), and houses’ age (old and new). No significant differences were identified between the two groups for all variables (p = 0.227–0.247). The average dust loading rate for the entire group was 66.7 ± 30.9 mg m–2 week–1. The average metal concentrations (µg g–1) for the entire group were 58.7 ± 17.4 for V, 53.8 ± 12.7 (Cr), 473 ± 137 (Mn), 9.68 ± 2.83 (Co), 130 ± 52.1 (Cu), 241 ± 65.3 (Sr), 0.827 ± 0.552 (Cd), 324 ± 143 (Ba), and 58.9 ± 28.9 for Pb. Likewise, the average metal loading rates (µg m–2 week–1) for the entire group were: 4.01 ± 2.41 for V, 3.62 ± 1.97 (Cr), 31.9 ± 18.3 (Mn), 0.662 ± 0.387 (Co), 8.57 ± 5.30 (Cu), 16.3 ± 9.23 (Sr), 0.051 ± 0.034 (Cd), 21.1 ± 12.4 (Ba), and 3.97 ± 2.74 for Pb. We noticed enrichment factors (EF) of less than 2 and strong correlations between V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Sr indicating their crustal origin. Conversely, Pb, Cu, and Cd showed low to moderate correlations together with moderate to significant EF suggesting anthropogenic pollution of non-crustal origins. Despite the scarcity of rain fall and arid environment in the studied area, our dust and metal loading rates can be considered as intermediate when compared to some international cities. Such a finding could be attributed to the absence of major industries and the relatively low traffic density in our study area.
机译:从38个自然通风的房屋中收集了12周的灰尘样品。分别评估了两组中三个变量的影响:接近交通密度(主路和小路),吸烟(抽烟和不抽烟)和房屋的年龄(新旧)。两组之间在所有变量上均未发现显着差异(p = 0.227–0.247)。整个组的平均粉尘负荷率为66.7±30.9 mg m–2周–1。整个组的平均金属浓度(µg g–1)为V,53.8±12.7(Cr),473±137(Mn),9.68±2.83(Co),130±52.1(Cu),241为58.7±17.4铅的±65.3(Sr),0.827±0.552(Cd),324±143(Ba)和58.9±28.9。同样,整个组的平均金属负载率(μgm–2周–1)为:V为4.01±2.41,Cr为3.62±1.97(Cr),Mn为31.9±18.3(Co),Co为0.662±0.387(8.57)铅的±5.30(Cu),16.3±9.23(Sr),0.051±0.034(Cd),21.1±12.4(Ba)和3.97±2.74(Pb)。我们注意到富集因子(EF)小于2,并且V,Cr,Mn,Co和Sr之间的相关性很强,表明它们的地壳起源。相反,Pb,Cu和Cd显示出低到中等的相关性,以及中到重要的EF,这表明人为污染非结壳来源。尽管研究区域缺乏降雨和干旱环境,但与一些国际城市相比,我们的灰尘和金属负载率仍可被视为中等水平。这一发现可能归因于我们研究区域内缺乏主要产业以及交通密度相对较低。

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