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High variability in stable isotope diet-tissue discrimination factors of two omnivorous freshwater fishes in controlled ex situ conditions.

机译:在受控的非原生境条件下,两种杂食性淡水鱼的稳定同位素饮食结构辨别因子变化很大。

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摘要

Diet-tissue discrimination factors (Δ(13)C and Δ(15)N) are influenced by variables including the tissues being analysed and the taxon of the consumer and its prey. Whilst differences in Δ(13)C and Δ(15)N are apparent between herbivorous and piscivorous fishes, there is less known for omnivorous fishes that consume plant and animal material. Here, the omnivorous cyprinid fishesBarbus barbusandSqualius cephaluswere held in tank aquaria and exposed to three diets that varied in their constituents (plant based to fishmeal based) and protein content (13% to 45%). After 100 days and isotopic replacement in fish tissues to 98%, samples of the food items, and dorsal muscle, fin tissue and scales were analysed for δ(13)C and δ(15)N. For both species and all diets, muscle was always enriched in δ(15)N and depleted in δ(13)C compared with fin tissue and scales. Across the different diets, Δ(13)C ranged between 2.0‰ and 5.6‰ and Δ(15)N ranged between 2.0‰ and 6.9‰. The diet based on plant material (20% protein) always resulted in the highest discrimination factors for each tissue, whilst the diet based on fishmeal (45% protein) consistently resulted in the lowest. The discrimination factors produced by non-fish diets were comparatively high compared with values in the literature, but were consistent with general patterns for some herbivorous fishes. These outputs suggest that the diet-tissue discrimination factors of omnivorous fishes will vary considerably between animal and plant prey, and these specific differences need consideration in predictions of their diet composition and trophic position.
机译:饮食组织歧视因素(Δ(13)C和Δ(15)N)受变量影响,这些变量包括所分析的组织以及消费者及其猎物的分类单元。食草鱼和食肉鱼之间存在明显的Δ(13)C和Δ(15)N差异,但食用植物和动物材料的杂食鱼鲜为人知。在这里,杂食性鲤科鱼类Barbus barbus和Squalius cephalus被关在水族箱中,并暴露于三种饮食中,这些饮食的成分(基于植物的鱼粉)和蛋白质含量(13%至45%)各不相同。经过100天和鱼类组织中的同位素置换达到98%之后,分析了食品样本以及背肌,鳍组织和鳞片的δ(13)C和δ(15)N。无论是物种还是所有饮食,与鳍组织和鳞片相比,肌肉总是富含δ(15)N并耗尽δ(13)C。在不同的饮食中,Δ(13)C介于2.0‰至5.6‰之间,而Δ(15)N介于2.0‰至6.9‰之间。基于植物材料的饮食(蛋白质含量为20%)总是导致每个组织的最高判别因子,而基于鱼粉的饮食(蛋白质含量为45%)始终导致最低。与文献中的值相比,非鱼类饮食产生的歧视因素较高,但与某些草食性鱼类的一般模式一致。这些结果表明,杂食鱼类的饮食组织歧视因素在动植物猎物之间会有很大差异,这些特殊的差异在预测其饮食组成和营养位置时需要加以考虑。

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