In China, stream-of-consciousness (SOC) fiction had for some time been thought of as untranslatable. By contrast, SOC imitations appeared in abundance through the 20th century, attempted by several Chinese writers who consciously used the technique in their own novels, first in the 1930s, then in the 1960s, u26 finally in the 1980s. It was not until the 1990s, however, that the u22difficultu22 novels by James Joyce u26 Virginia Woolf, among others, were translated. How can we understand the phenomenon of translations following imitations in the history of SOC fiction as introduced to China? 1 Figure. Adapted from the source document
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