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The Role of Microbial Community Composition in Controlling Soil Respiration Responses to Temperature

机译:微生物群落组成在控制土壤呼吸对温度的响应中的作用

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摘要

Rising global temperatures may increase the rates of soil organic matter decomposition by heterotrophic microorganisms, potentially accelerating climate change further by releasing additional carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to the atmosphere. However, the possibility that microbial community responses to prolonged warming may modify the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration creates large uncertainty in the strength of this positive feedback. Both compensatory responses (decreasing temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in the long-term) and enhancing responses (increasing temperature sensitivity) have been reported, but the mechanisms underlying these responses are poorly understood. In this study, microbial biomass, community structure and the activities of dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase enzymes were determined for 18 soils that had previously demonstrated either no response or varying magnitude of enhancing or compensatory responses of temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic microbial respiration to prolonged cooling. The soil cooling approach, in contrast to warming experiments, discriminates between microbial community responses and the consequences of substrate depletion, by minimising changes in substrate availability. The initial microbial community composition, determined by molecular analysis of soils showing contrasting respiration responses to cooling, provided evidence that the magnitude of enhancing responses was partly related to microbial community composition. There was also evidence that higher relative abundance of saprophytic Basidiomycota may explain the compensatory response observed in one soil, but neither microbial biomass nor enzymatic capacity were significantly affected by cooling. Our findings emphasise the key importance of soil microbial community responses for feedbacks to global change, but also highlight important areas where our understanding remains limited. © 2016 Auffret et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
机译:全球温度上升可能会增加异养微生物对土壤有机物的分解速度,并可能通过向大气释放额外的二氧化碳(CO2)来进一步加速气候变化。然而,微生物群落对长时间变暖的反应可能会改变土壤呼吸的温度敏感性,这种积极反馈的强度产生了很大的不确定性。补偿性响应(长期降低土壤呼吸的温度敏感性)和增强性响应(增加温度敏感性)都已有报道,但对这些响应的潜在机理了解甚少。在这项研究中,确定了18种土壤的微生物生物量,群落结构以及脱氢酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性,这些土壤以前没有表现出对异养微生物呼吸对长时间冷却的温度敏感性的响应或变化幅度的增强或补偿响应。与变暖实验相反,土壤降温方法通过最小化底物利用率的变化来区分微生物群落反应和底物耗竭的后果。初始微生物群落组成是通过土壤分子分析确定的,显示对冷却作用的呼吸反应不同,这提供了增强反应幅度与微生物群落组成部分相关的证据。也有证据表明,腐生的担子菌较高的相对丰度可能解释了在一种土壤中观察到的代偿反应,但是冷却不会显着影响微生物的生物量和酶的能力。我们的发现强调了土壤微生物群落反应对于全球变化反馈的关键重要性,但同时也强调了我们了解仍然有限的重要领域。 ©2016 Auffret等。这是根据知识共享署名许可协议的条款分发的开放获取文章,该条款允许在任何媒介中无限制地使用,分发和复制,但要注明原始作者和出处。

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