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An urban metabolism and carbon footprint analysis of the Jing-Jin-Ji regional agglomeration

机译:京津冀区域集聚区的城市新陈代谢和碳足迹分析

摘要

Urban energy metabolism includes processes for exploiting, transforming, and consuming energy, as well as processes for recycling by-products and wastes. Embodied energy is the energy consumed during all of these activities, both directly and indirectly. Multiregional input-output (MRIO) analysis can calculate the energy consumption embodied in flows among sectors for multiple cities or regions. Our goal was to address a problem apparent in previous research, which was insufficient attention to indirect energy flows. We combined MRIO analysis with ecological network analysis to calculate the embodied energy consumption and the energy-related carbon footprints of five sectors in three regions that comprise the Jing-Jin-Ji agglomeration, using data from 2002 and 2007. Our analysis traced metabolic processes of sectors from the perspective of final consumption. Based on the embodied energy analysis, we quantified the indirect energy consumption implied in exchanges of sectors and its distribution and identified the relationships formed through the indirect consumption to analyze the roles of providers and receivers in the system. Results showed that the embodied energy consumption for the Jing-Jin-Ji region increased from 2002 to 2007 as a result of increased energy consumption in Tianjin and Hebei. Overall, consumption of Beijing decreased likely attributable to the fact that government policies relocated industries during this time in anticipation of the Olympic Games. The relationships among sectors changed: Beijing changed from a net exporter to an importer, whereas Hebei changed from a net importer of energy from Beijing to an exporter to Beijing, and Tianjin served as an importer in both years.
机译:城市能源代谢包括开发,转化和消耗能源的过程,以及回收副产品和废物的过程。体现的能量是在所有这些活动中直接或间接消耗的能量。多区域投入产出(MRIO)分析可以计算体现在多个​​城市或地区部门间流动中的能源消耗。我们的目标是解决先前研究中明显的问题,即对间接能量流的关注不足。我们使用2002年和2007年的数据,将MRIO分析与生态网络分析相结合,以计算包含京津冀集聚的三个区域的五个部门的具体能耗和与能源相关的碳足迹。我们的分析追踪了新陈代谢的过程从最终消费的角度看。基于具体的能源分析,我们量化了部门交换及其分布中隐含的间接能源消耗,并确定了通过间接消耗形成的关系,以分析提供者和接收者在系统中的作用。结果表明,京津冀地区的实际能耗从2002年到2007年有所增加,这是天津和河北的能耗增加的结果。总体而言,北京的消费量下降的原因可能是由于政府政策在此期间因预期奥运会而对产业进行了转移。部门之间的关系发生了变化:北京从净出口国转变为进口国,河北从北京的能源净进口国转变为北京的出口国,而天津在这两年中都是进口国。

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