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Enhanced photocatalytic properties of reusable TiO2-loaded natural porous minerals in dye wastewater purification

机译:可重复使用的负载TiO2的天然多孔矿物在染料废水净化中的光催化性能增强

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摘要

Diatomite-based recyclable photocatalysts containing single lanthanide doped TiO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by using simple sol–gel method. Photocatalytic activities of the prepared Ce- or La- single doped TiO/diatomite catalysts were estimated by the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under simulated sunlight irradiation. The XRD and Raman spectra shown only anatase phase of TiO for the un-doped and Ce-doped samples. The TEM images revealed uniform distribution of TiO NPs on the matrix, indicating that diatomite played an important role to prevent the agglomeration of TiO NPs. Ce-TiO/diatomite showed a red shift in UV–visible light absorption edge with enhanced absorption intensity than un-doped sample, whereas La-TiO/diatomite showed a blue shift. The bandgap energy of 1.5%-Ce doped sample is as low as 2.75 eV. The XPS spectra showed the presence of both Ce and Ce oxidation states for Ce dopant. The photoluminescence spectra of the Ce-doped samples showed first decrease in the recombination centers with the maximum decrease for 1.5%-Ce doped sample and then started increase with the increasing Ce in the samples. As compared to the La-doped samples, a desired behavior was observed for the Ce-doped hybrid due to the redox Ce/Ce pairs acting as electron scavengers and localized unoccupied Ce 4f level narrowing the band gap. The incorporation with diatomite as support of TiO nanoparticles is contributed for the improved reusability and also gives a promising strategy to enable the application of nano-photocatalysts in a real wastewater remediation treatment.
机译:使用简单的溶胶-凝胶法合成了含单根镧系元素掺杂的TiO纳米颗粒(NPs)的基于硅藻土的可回收光催化剂。通过在模拟阳光照射下若丹明B(RhB)的降解,可以估算制备的Ce-或La-单掺杂TiO /硅藻土催化剂的光催化活性。 XRD和拉曼光谱仅显示了未掺杂和Ce掺杂样品的TiO锐钛矿相。 TEM图像显示了TiO NPs在基体上的均匀分布,表明硅藻土在防止TiO NPs团聚方面起着重要作用。 Ce-TiO /硅藻土在紫外可见光吸收边缘显示出红移,吸收强度比未掺杂样品高,而La-TiO /硅藻土显示出蓝移。 1.5%-Ce掺杂样品的带隙能量低至2.75 eV。 XPS光谱显示Ce掺杂剂同时存在Ce和Ce氧化态。掺杂铈的样品的光致发光光谱显示,重组中心首先降低,而掺杂1.5%-Ce的样品最大降低,然后随着样品中Ce的增加而开始增加。与掺La的样品相比,掺Ce的杂化物具有理想的行为,这是因为氧化还原Ce / Ce对充当电子清除剂,并且局部未占据的Ce 4f能级使能带隙变窄。掺入硅藻土作为TiO纳米颗粒的载体有助于提高可重复使用性,并且提供了一种有前途的策略,可将纳米光催化剂应用于实际废水的治理中。

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