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Microorganisms from aphid honeydew attract natural enemies and tending ants

机译:蚜虫蜜露的微生物吸引天敌和养蚂蚁

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摘要

Aphids are some of the most serious pests of cultivated crops worldwide, causing major yield and economic losses. Previous works have demonstrated ants and natural enemies (including ladybeetles and hoverflies) to be able to use aphid volatile chemicals to locate aphid colonies. Here, we report the first isolation of a bacterium from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum honeydew, Staphylococcus sciuri, which produces kairomones used by the aphidophagous hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus and the Asian Ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis during their search for prey colonies. Some specific semiochemicals produced by S. sciuri were identified as attractants and ovipositional stimulants. Similarly, we have shown scouts of the aphid tending ant species, Lasius niger, to orientate their foraging behaviour toward an Aphis fabae infested plant and we have demonstrated that the odours released by this aphid honeydew were attractive for ant scouts. Again, bacteria were involved in the production of these honeydew semiochemicals. Interestingly, ant scouts were also able to discriminate honeydew odour from A. fabae (usually attended by L. niger) and A. pisum (unattendedby L. niger). Comparison of the volatile and bacteria composition of both aphid species honeydew were attended.
机译:蚜虫是全世界耕作作物中最严重的害虫之一,造成大量产量和经济损失。先前的研究表明,蚂蚁和天敌(包括瓢虫和蚜虫)能够使用蚜虫挥发性化学物质来定位蚜虫菌落。在这里,我们报道了首次从豌豆蚜虫豌豆蚜虫甘露菌中分离出一种细菌,该细菌会产生由蚜虫食蚜蝇蚜虫Episyrphus balteatus和亚洲瓢虫Harmonia axyridis在寻找猎物菌落时使用的海洛酮。 S. sciuri生产的一些特定的化学信息素被鉴定为引诱剂和产卵兴奋剂。同样,我们已经发现了蚜虫趋向性蚂蚁物种Lasius niger的侦察员,将其觅食行为定向于被蚜虫侵染的植物,并且我们已经证明了这种蚜虫蜜露所释放的气味对于蚂蚁侦探是有吸引力的。同样,细菌参与了这些蜜露化学信息素的生产。有趣的是,蚂蚁侦察员还能够分辨出Fab。(通常由尼日尔乳杆菌(L. niger)参加)和A. pisum(L. niger无人照管)的蜜露气味。比较了两种蚜虫蜜露的挥发物和细菌组成。

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