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Instrumento portátil para aquisição, digitalização e processamento de imagens a ser aplicado na avaliação do sistema de equilíbrio humano

机译:用于采集,数字化和图像处理的便携式仪器,将用于评估人体平衡系统

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摘要

This thesis describes a new human balance analysis instrument for studies on the physiology of the vestibular system, support for diagnostics, patient evolution in treatment and in the adaptation process of physiotherapy and vestibular disorders. Various techniques used to evaluate balance are subjective, imprecise and invasive. In the present work, a device has been developed to objectively measure human balance in a non-invasive manner with adequate precision. The objectives of this thesis were: (1) to improve image processing techniques, (2) to reduce equipment production costs, (3) to facilitate portability, (4) to develop a robust, scalable and easily maintained software architecture. The vestibular system is located in the inner ear, and it is responsible for maintaining balance. The vestibular system is composed mainly of a network of tubes called semicircular canals, which are stimulated by selective head movements. Through vestibular-motor reflexes, eye movements are induced which correspond to head movement. The images of the eye movements are acquired by video cameras, under infrared illumination. The cameras are mounted to glasses isolated from external light developed for the purposes of this research. The camera images are digitalized by an external capture card and processed in real time by an algorithm developed to, frame by frame, locate the center of the pupil. The location of the center of the pupil in response to the vestibulo-ocular stimulus is plotted into a graph, to then be interpreted by a medical specialist. The tests carried out prove the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm in calculating the center of the pupil with a broad range of variations. The tests include a number of variations of the pupil and elliptical eye distortions with additional reflections occasioned by sources of illumination. All tests had a negligible error, thus proving their efficiency and meeting their objective.
机译:本文介绍了一种新的人体平衡分析仪器,用于研究前庭系统的生理学,支持诊断,患者在治疗过程中以及在物理疗法和前庭疾病适应过程中的发展。用于评估平衡的各种技术是主观的,不精确的和侵入性的。在当前的工作中,已经开发出一种设备,该设备以足够的精度以无创方式客观地测量人的平衡。本文的目的是:(1)改进图像处理技术,(2)降低设备生产成本,(3)促进便携性,(4)开发健壮,可扩展且易于维护的软件体系结构。前庭系统位于内耳,负责保持平衡。前庭系统主要由称为半圆形管的管网组成,这些管网受到选择性头部运动的刺激。通过前庭运动反射,引起与头部运动相对应的眼睛运动。摄像机在红外照明下获取眼睛运动的图像。摄像机安装在与外部光隔离的眼镜上,该眼镜是为进行本研究而开发的。摄像机图像通过外部采集卡进行数字化处理,并通过开发的算法实时处理,以逐帧定位瞳孔中心。将响应前庭眼刺激的瞳孔中心位置绘制成图表,然后由医学专家进行解释。进行的测试证明了该算法在计算变化范围广的瞳孔中心时的效率和鲁棒性。测试包括瞳孔和椭圆形眼睛畸变的多种变化,以及光源引起的额外反射。所有测试的误差都可以忽略不计,从而证明了其效率并达到了目标。

著录项

  • 作者

    Prestes Lucas Plautz;

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  • 年度 2013
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 Português
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