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Analytic prioritization of indoor routes for search and rescue operations in hazardous environments

机译:在危险环境中对搜索和营救行动使用室内路线的分析优先级

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摘要

Applications to prioritize indoor routes for emergency situations in a complex built facility have been restricted to building simulations and network approaches. These types of applications often failed to account for the complexity and trade-offs needed to select the optimal indoor path during an emergency situation. In this article, we propose a step change for finding the optimal routes for Search And Rescue (SAR) teams in a building, where a multi-epicentre extreme event is occurring. We have developed an algorithm that is based on a novel approach integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), statistical characteristics, the propagation of hazard, Duckham-Kulik’s adapted algorithm, Dijkstra's classical algorithm, and the binary search with three criteria: hazard proximity, distance/travel time, and route complexity. The sub-criteria for the route complexity are validated in the context of SAR using a real-life building (Doha World Trade Centre). The important feature of the algorithm is its ability to generate an optimal route depending on user’s needs. The findings revealed that the generated optimal routes are indeed the ‘best’ trade-off amongst distance/travel time, hazard proximity and route complexity. The test results also demonstrated the robustness of the algorithm with respect to different parameters, and its insensitivity to different scenarios of uncontrolled evacuation.
机译:在复杂的建筑设施中,针对紧急情况优先考虑室内路线的应用仅限于建筑模拟和网络方法。这些类型的应用程序通常无法解决在紧急情况下选择最佳室内路径所需的复杂性和折衷。在本文中,我们提出了一个步骤更改,以为正在发生多事件极端事件的建筑物中的搜寻和救援(SAR)团队找到最佳路线。我们开发了一种基于新颖方法的算法,该方法结合了层次分析法(AHP),统计特征,危害传播,Duckham-Kulik的自适应算法,Dijkstra的经典算法以及具有以下三个条件的二元搜索:危害接近度,距离/旅行时间以及路线复杂度。在SAR的背景下,使用一栋真实建筑物(多哈世界贸易中心)对路线复杂性的子标准进行了验证。该算法的重要特征是其能够根据用户需求生成最佳路线的能力。研究结果表明,生成的最佳路线确实是距离/行驶时间,危险接近度和路线复杂性之间的“最佳”折衷。测试结果还证明了该算法针对不同参数的鲁棒性,以及对不受控制的疏散情况的不敏感性。

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