Abstract In cognitive radio (CR) system, secondary user (SU) should use available channels opportunistically when the primary user (PU) does not exist. In CR network, SUs have to detect the PU signal with sufficient sensing time to guarantee the detection probability and minimize the interference to the PU, while the CR system should have enough data transmission time to maximize the transmission opportunity of the SU. Therefore, the sensing time and data transmission time of the SU are generally considered as main optimization parameters to maximize the throughput of the CR system. In this paper, a separate sensing node is designated and the sensing is continuously performed using the interference alignment (IA) technique. In this paper, the designated sensing node estimates the interference ratio and transmission opportunity loss ratio. To satisfy the primary user’s interference requirement and maximize secondary throughput, we proposed dynamic adjustment mechanism for sensing slot time and sensing report interval using reinforcement learning in time-varying communication environment. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can minimize the interference on PU and enhance the transmission opportunity of SUs.
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