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Near-Field Chipless Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) Sensing and Identification System with Switching Reading

机译:具有切换读数的近场芯片射频识别(RFID)传感和识别系统

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摘要

A chipless radio-frequency identification (chipless-RFID) and sensing system, where tags are read by proximity (near-field) through a switch, is presented. The tags consist of a set of identical resonant elements (split-ring resonators or SRRs), printed or etched at predefined and equidistant positions, forming a linear chain, each SRR providing a bit of information. The logic state (‘1’ or ‘0’) associated with each resonator depends on whether it is present or not in the predefined position. The reader is an array of power splitters used to feed a set of SRR-loaded transmission lines (in equal number to the number of resonant elements, or bits, of the tag). The feeding (interrogation) signal is a harmonic (single-tone) signal tuned to a frequency in the vicinity of the fundamental resonance of the SRRs. The set of SRR-loaded lines must be designed so that the corresponding SRRs are in perfect alignment with the SRRs of the tag, provided the tag is positioned on top of the reader. Thus, in a reading operation, as long as the tag is very close to the reader, the SRRs of the tag modify (decrease) the transmission coefficient of the corresponding reader line (through electromagnetic coupling between both SRRs), and the amplitude of the output signal is severely reduced. Therefore, the identification (ID) code of the tag is contained in the amplitudes of the output signals of the SRR-loaded lines, which can be inferred sequentially by means of a switching system. Unlike previous chipless-RFID systems based on near-field and sequential bit reading, the tags in the proposed system can be merely positioned on top of the reader, conveniently aligned, without the need to mechanically place them across the reader. Since tag reading is only possible if the tag is very close to the reader, this system can be also used as a proximity sensor with applications such as target identification. The proposed chipless-RFID and sensing approach is validated by reading a designed 4-bit tag. For identification purposes, this system is of special interest in applications where a low number of bits suffice, and tag reading by proximity is acceptable (or even convenient). Applications mostly related to secure paper, particularly involving a limited number of items (e.g., exams, ballots, etc.), in order to provide authenticity and avoid counterfeiting, are envisaged. As a proximity sensor, the system may be of use in detecting and distinguishing different targets in applications such as smart packaging.
机译:提出了一种智能射频识别(ChipleS-RFID)和感测系统,其中通过开关通过接近(近场)读取标签。标签由一组相同的谐振元件(分流环谐振器或SRRS)组成,在预定义的和等距位置打印或蚀刻,形成线性链,每个SRR提供一点信息。与每个谐振器相关联的逻辑状态('1'或'0')取决于它是否存在于预定位置。读取器是用于馈送一组SRR加载的传输线的电源分路器阵列(标签的谐振元件的数量,或比特的数量)。馈送(询问)信号是调谐到SRRS基本谐振附近的频率(单音)信号。必须设计该组SRR加载的线路,使得相应的SRRS与标签的SRRS完美对齐,只要标签位于读取器的顶部。因此,在读取操作中,只要标签非常接近读取器,标签的SRR就会修改(减小)相应读取器线的传输系数(通过两个SRRS之间的电磁耦合)和幅度输出信号严重减少。因此,标签的标识(ID)代码包含在SRR加载线的输出信号的幅度中,这可以通过切换系统顺序地推断。与基于近场和顺序位读数的先前的ChipleS-RFID系统不同,所提出的系统中的标签可以仅位于读取器的顶部,方便地对齐,而无需将它们机械地放在读取器上。由于标签读数仅是可能的,如果标签非常接近读取器,则该系统也可以用作具有目标识别的应用的接近传感器。通过读取设计的4位标签来验证所提出的ChipleS-RFID和感测方法。出于识别目的,该系统对应用程序足够数量足够的应用具有特殊兴趣,并且通过接近的标签读取是可接受的(甚至方便)。应用主要与安全纸相关,特别是涉及有限数量的物品(例如,考试,选票等),以便提供真实性并避免伪造。作为接近传感器,系统可以用于检测和区分智能包装等应用中的不同目标。

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