Hydrocarbonylation of Alcohols, Carboxylic Acids and Esters

摘要

The aim of the review is to outline the homologation and carbonylation reactionsof alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters. The main emphasis is in the heterogeneously catalyzed methanol homologation and carbonylation systems, but the homogeneously catalyzed systems of alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters are also described to some extent. In methanol homologation and carbonylation the main research emphasis has been on homogeneous catalysis. Despite the satisfactory methanol homologation activities and selectivities obtained, no technical realization of this reaction has been achieved. Homogeneous methanol carbonylation process has been used for acetic acid production since 1970's. Heterogeneous methanol homologation systems are not frequently reported. The heterogenized catalysts are mainly tested in high pressure autoclaves in liquid phase reaction conditions and the stability of metal catalyst on support has been in many cases insufficient.