Compliance with EPA's Information Collection Rule for North Carolina Surface211 Water Supplies: Bench-Scale Testing of the Efficacy of Carbon Adsorption and 211 Membrane Separation

摘要

The design of bench-scale tests of granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and211u001emembrane separation processes was investigated for removal of natural organic 211u001ematter (NOM), the precursors to disinfection byproducts. These tests will be 211u001erequired of several cities in North Carolina under the Information Collection 211u001eRule promulgated by the U.S. EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The rapid, 211u001esmall-scale column test (RSSCT) and three different bench-scale membrane tests 211u001ewere used in evaluating water treatment for Durham, Fayetteville and Raleigh. GAC 211u001eservice times before I mg/L total organic carbon (TOC) was reached ranged from 48 211u001eto 91 days if the empty-bed-contact time (EBCT) was 10 min and 107 to 246 days if 211u001ethe EBCT was 20 min. The logistic function provided a practical way to generalize 211u001ebreakthrough behavior among the utilities and to interpret seasonal trends.