Marine and Coastal Fishes Subject to Impingement by Cooling-Water Intake Systems in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: An Annotated Bibliography

摘要

Since the early 1970's cooling-water intakes have been identified as having a potential adverse impact on aquatic organisms due to impingement/entrapment and entrainment. To measure the magnitude of this impact, hundreds of studies have been undertaken over the last three decades. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing a series of new rules to address the impingement and entrainment of fishes and shellfish by cooling-water intake systems on all surface waters of the United States. As part of the rule making process, EPA requested information about the species of fish in the Gulf of Mexico and for any information about research conducted on the impingement and entrainment of fishes and other organisms in coastal ecosystems. The Minerals Management Service (MMS) offered to assist the EPA with the gathering of information, since much of what is known in the Gulf of Mexico has been funded by MMS or used by MMS for the preparation of impact statements. This study provides an initial annotated bibliography on all available research reported in marine and coastal waters concerning the impingement and entrainment of estuarine and marine organisms by cooling-water intake systems.