Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Actinomycetes

摘要

The potential of some actinomycetes to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and the effect of co-substrates, plants and other additives on their degradation and bioavailability was studied. A glass bead system for growth of PAH-degrading actinomycetes in liquid culture was developed and used for the screening of strains for biosurfactant activity and phenanthrene degradation in the presence of different co-substrates. Indication of biosurfactant production by all tested strains was obtained with hexadecane and rapeseed oil as co-substrates but not with glucose. Rhodococcus sp. DSM 44126 was identified as R. wratislaviensis and found to be able to degrade phenanthrene and anthracene. An actinomycete with a high capacity to degrade phenanthrene and pyrene was isolated from an agricultural soil and identified as Mycobacterium LP1. The catabolic activity of both strains was studied in liquid cultures and in soil. Several additives were also tested for their effect on PAH degradation in soils.