Treatments for Localized Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review to Update the 2002 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation. Evidence Synthesis No. 91

摘要

Screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing can detect prostate cancer in earlier, asymptomatic stages, when treatments might be more effective. In 2008, based on an earlier systematic review that focused on studies of PSA-based screening versus no screening, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) found insufficient evidence to determine the balance of benefits and harms associated with prostate cancer screening in men younger than age 75 years (I statement), and recommended against screening in men ages 75 years or older (grade D recommendation). See Appendix A for a list of all abbreviations included in this report. Once prostate cancer has been detected by screening, treatments are frequently initiated. Understanding the benefits and harms associated with such treatments is therefore critical for informing screening decisions. Evidence on benefits and harms of treatments for localized prostate cancer was last reviewed by the USPSTF in 2002. This report summarizes the evidence on benefits and harms of treatment for screen-detected or early-stage prostate cancer, with an emphasis on studies published since 2002.