OBSERVATIONS ON DYEING AND FINISHING METHODS IN GERMANY

摘要

Our impressions of German processing methods and equipment ere varied. In some respects, they adhere to com¬plicated techniques and make use of various ingenious mech¬anical devices, while in others they ignore reasonably simple control methods. Except on some drying machines, we saw no temperature regulators or indicating thermometers, yet bleach¬ing and dyeing formulae are very exact as to times, tempera¬tures and concentrations. In one plant, doing e very exact¬ing line of work, we asked regarding a bleaching temperature and were told it was 35° C. Asking how they controlled the temperature, the reply was that the bleacher could tell by putting his hand in the bath.nThe plants we visited were, in general, very poorly laid out as to flow of goods and there was a great amount of trucking and hauling of cloth around. Most of the plants, however, were old and had been added onto, or new lines of work, requiring additional machinery, had been started, so there was perhaps some justification for poor layout.nOne modern plant, however, was built in the form of an E, with a spur track along the open side. Goods were received ON the bottom end of the E, entered the bleach house and proceeded all the way around the E, through the dyeing, finishing, put up and packing, to the upper open end, where they went into railway cars or trucks. Chemicals and supplies were received at the middle bar of the E,