Development and Evaluation Methods for Control of Viral and Mycoplasmal Respiratory Disease

摘要

Immunogenicity evaluations of meningococcal vaccines containing protein alone and protein combined with polysaccharide in adults and adolescents showed the latter to be a more potent inducer of an antibody response. In animal models, soluble protein and membrane protein antigen in association with liposomes induced high levels of circulating antibody, but yet did not alter IgG antibody specificity. Moreover, liposomes containing membrane associated antigens also enhanced cell mediated responses. Consistent prevalence of major respiratory infections were observed to recur. Each virus introduction resulted in the occurrence of a relatively defined outbreak, and at peak activity, other agents were relatively inactive. An analysis of respiratory synctial and parainfluenza type 3 virus infections in children demonstrated that they are infected with both agents by age two and a very high percentage experience two episodes of infection by three years. Furthermore, the data indicated that at least two natural exposures are necessary before appreciable protection is evident.