Crash Protection Systems for Handicapped School and Transit Bus Occupants. Volume 1. Executive Summary

摘要

A series of eight school and transit buses were subjected to nine frontal fixed barrier, two rear moving barrier and three side impact tests. Each test bus carried up to seven fully instrumented dummies - one in the driver seat, two in forward facing seats, two in side facing seats, and two in wheelchairs. The wheelchairs were secured and the wheelchair-seated dummies were restrained using commercially available restraint systems. The dummy locations, wheelchair securements, passenger restraints, crash modes and impact speeds were selected on the basis of a state-of-the-art survey and accident data analysis of operational practices and experiences with school and transit buses. The report contains the results of the state-of-the-art survey, accident data analysis and the bus crash test program. Typical deceleration crash pulses for a wide range of school bus sizes and full size transit buses are presented, as are plots of dummy trajectories and records of dummy injury measures for the selected test conditions.