Spruce Budworms Handbook: Ground-Spray Techniques to Reduce Damage from Western Spruce Budworm

摘要

The western spruce budworm has an annual life cycle of four stages- egg, larva, pupa, and adult (moths). Ground sprays will reduce current defoliation and cone damage by budworm larvae and help maintain tree vigor, thus minimizing permanent damage to trees. The strategy is to time the application of the control agent for maximum kill of the insect pest with the least effect on the environment. Cone and seed protection using ground applications has increased Douglas-fir seed yields by nearly 50 percent. Control during other life stages (for example, moths) is not recommended.