Combustion Characteristics of Crystalline Solid Oxidizers and Lattice Dynamics in Ammonium Perchlorate.

摘要

Combustion Characteristics of Crystalline Oxidizers:Time-of-flight and high resolution mass spectrometry of UHP-AP and its deuterated derivative were examined in an effort to identify some of the key decomposition species. Of particular interest is the sure detection of HNO,the hydrides of nitrogen and the oxides of chlorine. HNO (mass 31) was found as a minor component at temperatures above 80 C. It is considered highly improbable that HNO could have occurred by reactions other than surface thermal reactions. High resolution spectra were used to separate O2(2+) and O(+) from NH2at mass 16. The presence of NH2(+) was confirmed along with NH4(+), NH3(+) and NH(+). HClO4(+),Cl(+) and all the simple oxides of chlorine were found but Cl2(+),HClO(+), HClO2(+), HClO3(+),and ClO4(+) were not detected. Also not detected were N2(+), N2O(+) and NO2(+) in the condensed phase. No parent NH4Cl)O4(+) was present. Evidence of strong exothermic reactions in the condensed phase was found. Lattice Dynamics in AP:The breakdown of the crystal lattice of AP in the 300-625 K range was studied by laser Raman spectroscopy. Detailed examination of the external and internal modes of the ion reveals that the onset of essentially unhindered tumbling of the ClO4(-) ion seems to be intimately tied to the decomposition of AP. All vibrational modes found in AP including several not here-to-fore reported are discussed and insofar as possible assigned.