METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

摘要

In a method of and apparatus for making remote measurements of temperature and pressure in a gas, laser beams are transmitted through the gas to a reflecting target, which may be either a solid surface or particulate matter in gas or the gas molecules and the return beams are measured to determine the amount of energy absorbed by the gas. For temperature measurements, the laser beam has a wavelength whereat the gas exhibits a relatively temperature sensitive and pressure insensitive absorption characteristic, whereas for pressure measurements, the laser beam has a wavelength whereat the gas has a relatively pressure sensitive and temperature insensitive absorption characteristic. To reduce the effects of scattering on the absorption measurements, a reference laser beam having a weak absorption characteristic is transmitted collinearly with the data beam having a strong absorption characteristic. The two signals are processed as a ratio to eliminate back scattering that is common to the two beams. Various embodiments of transmitters and receivers are described for practicing the invention, such as a sequential laser pulse transmitter (20, 51) and receiver (68), simultaneous laser pulse transmitter (100) and receiver (116) and c. w. laser transmitter (134) and receiver (154).