Stress and Cognition: A Cognitive Psychological Perspective

摘要

Complex operations can be performed successfully in Space by human beings, but more slowly than doing the same tasks on Earth, Fowler, et al. (2000) and Manzey (2000) propose two hypotheses to account for this performance degradation-(1) the direct effects of microgravity on the central nervous system and the motor system of the body and (2) the non-specific effects of multiple stressors. Evidence available to date is consistent with both hypotheses and further experiments are required to settle this question. The issue has practical implications because the countermeasures needed to ameliorate or prevent performance deficits will differ according to which hypothesis is correct. Understanding and ameliorating performance deficits will surely help ensure safer operations aboard the International Space Station and during a mission to Mars.