Thermal Battery Reaction Products:Characterization by Electron Microprobe X-Ray Analyzer and Transmission Electron Microscope.

摘要

A series of DEB-type thermal battery cells which had experienced various stages of discharge was prepared and analyzed with the electron microprobe and transmission electron microscope to determine the compositions,crystal structures,and distribution of the phases present in the reaction products. A series of six layers was found in the DEB pellet after discharge. Layer 1consists of essentially pure KCaCl sub 3 (tetragonal, a sub 0 = 7.387 A, c sub 0 = 9.645 A) and forms adjacent to the unused portion of the Ca anode. Layers 2and 3are texturally distinct but both consist of crystals of Ca sub 2CrO sub 4Cl (orthorhombic, a sub 0 = 6.259 A, b sub 0 = 7.124 A, c sub 0 = 10.99 A) in a matrix of KCaCl sub 3 ,KCl,and LiCl. Layer 4is unused DEB pellet material (CaCrO sub 4 ,KCl,LiCl,SiO sub 2 ). Layer 5is a thick layer consisting of large,oriented crystals of (probably) Ca sub 6Cr sub 4 O/sub x/SiCl sub 2 (hexagonal, a sub 0 = 10.069 A, c sub 0 = 7.012 A) in a matrix of mixed chlorides. Layer 6contains the same phases as the previous layer with the addition of some crystals of an unknown Ca-Cr-Si-O compound (face-centered cubic, a sub 0 = 7.28 A). Finally, a thin,incomplete layer of mixed Fe and Cr oxides formed adjacent to the Fe cathode charge collector. 12figures, 3tables. (ERA citation 03:014980)