The First Amendment as a Shield or a Sword: An Integrated Look at Regulation of Multi-Media Ownership.

摘要

The purpose of this paper is to: (1) examine the different ways in which the First Amendment has been applied with respect to concentrations of control over the mass media--newspapers, radio and television broadcast facilities, and cable television systems, (2) review the existing and proposed regulations concerning monopoly, duopoly, multiple ownership, multi-media ownership, or cross--ownership of the media, (3) explore, in the light of a continued trend toward amalgamation of media ownership, the viability of alternative policies which would assure a diversity of information reaching the public regardless of ownership or control of the transmission facilities, and (4) project, from recent judicial decisions concerning media ownership, what directions government policy might take to promote a diverse marketplace of ideas.