A Methodology for Optimal Design of Water Distribution Systems

摘要

A comprehensive methodology for the design of municipal water distribution systems that explicitly incorporates reliability and performance into the system design is developed. The complex design problem is decomposed within the context of a three-level hierarchically integrated system of models. The first and second level models combine to select the links in the distribution system layout. The third level model accomplishes the detailed system design for the layout from the upper level models. Two alternative first level models, a shortest path tree and a nonlinear programming model, are developed to select the minimum cost tree layout. Two second level, complementary 0-1 integer programming models are developed to select the loop-forming links for the minimum cost tree layout. The third level nonlinear programming model optimizes the detailed distribution system design (link diameters, pump capacities, elevated storage heights, and valve resistance) of the resulting network layout with respect to distribution system performance under expected emergency loading conditions (fire demand, broken links, pump outage). This detailed design is performed subject to satisfying steady state conditions, minimum performance levels under normal loading conditions, and maximum budget level. The methodology is applied to the design of a real life water distribution system. (Author)