Prophylaxis and Treatment of Cyanide Intoxication. Cyanide - Mechanism of Prophylaxis

摘要

The inhibition and recovery of brain and liver cytochrome oxidase in mice pretreated in an air or oxygen atmosphere were measured after the administration of KCN with and without sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate pretreatment. Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase in both brain and liver reached a maximum within five minutes after cyanide administration and cytochrome oxidase activity was restored more rapidly in liver than in brain. This enzymatic activity returned more rapidly in oxygen than air. In the animals pretreated with sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate, brain but not liver cytochrome oxidase was inhibited by cyanide. The effect of administering gradient doses of KCN to mice maintained in air or oxygen atmospheres resulted in a dose dependent inhibition of both brain and liver cytochrome oxidase. Oxygen treatment produced a shift in the dose response curve when compared to the air treatment group. No significant difference was detected in rhodanese activity in air and oxygen in mice receiving a gradient dose of cyanide. Rhodanese, thiosulfate-sulfur transferase (EC 2.8.1.1) was isolated from beef liver by a series of ammonium sulfate fractionations, at low and high pH, affinity chromatography employing Cibacron Blue linked agarose columns and anion exchange chromatography with DEAE Sephadex A50.