Mutagenic Potential of Eseroline Salicylate in the Ames Salmonella/Mammalian Microsome Mutagenicity Test

摘要

Soman, the primary nerve agent utilized by threat forces, is refractory to the standard antidotal therapy, atropine and 2-PAM chloride, fielded by the U.S. Army. Consequently, the highest priority has been placed on fielding a more effective treatment regimen. A regimen incorporating the carbamate, pyridostigmine, as a prophylactic agent, combined with standard atropine/2-PAM chloride therapy has proven extremely effective in reducing mortality to multi-lethal concentrations of soman. However, the animals require a prolonged period of recovery during which they are completely incapacitated. A tertiary carbamate, physostigmine, has been proposed as a prophylactic agent since it would protect the central nervous system in addition to the peripheral nervous system. Experimental studies support this hypothesis as animals pretreated with eseroline before exposure to soman recover at a faster rate than animals pretreated with pyridostigmine. The mutagenic potential of eseroline salicylate was assessed by using the Ames Salmonella/Mammalian Microsome Mutagenicity Test. The test compound was not mutagenic under the conditions of this test. Keywords: Eseroline salicylate; Ames test; Genetic toxicology; Mutagenicity; Physostigmine. (kt)