Identification of Critical Biological Parameters Affecting Gastrointestinal Absorption.

摘要

An analysis of absorption-related anatomical and physiological features of the gastrointestinal tract and the mechanisms of absorption of both nutrients and nonnutrients has been performed in order to identify critical parameters affecting gastrointestinal absorption. The analysis identified the following parameters as likely to have a major effect on the kinetics of gastrointestinal absorption: vascularity, transit time, surface area, contents, enterohepatic cycling, and the chemical properties of the compound studied. A search of the scientific literature for published pharmacokinetic data on 15 selected low molecular weight, volatile halogenated hydrocarbons was conducted in order to obtain information on the importance of the critical parameters in the pharmacokinetic description of the gastrointestinal absorption of these chemicals. The available data showed effects of gastrointestinal contents, transit times, and chemical properties on the gastrointestinal absorption of these chemicals.