Eyelid swelling, eye pain, and restricted eye movements in a child strongly suggest an underlying orbital cellulitis, but other orbital diseases need to be considered if there is no history of eye trauma, sinusitis, or preceding upper respiratory tract symptoms. One such orbital disease is orbital pseudotumor. Idiopathic orbital pseudotumor is a diagnosis of exclusion, and various laboratory tests and imaging should be performed to rule out other causes of proptosis, diplopia, vision loss, and extraocular muscle impairment. Quick and proper diagnosis of orbital pseudotumor is essential to protect the eye because prolonged proptosis can lead to corneal, retinal, and extraocular muscle damage.
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