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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology >Imaging of pediatric musculoskeletal infection.
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Imaging of pediatric musculoskeletal infection.

机译:小儿肌肉骨骼感染的影像学。

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摘要

Musculoskeletal infections in children present a diagnostic challenge because they are difficult to recognize in the early stages of the disease and can be confused with other pathology such as tumors or trauma. The severity of disease may be associated with the primary tissue of involvement with bone greater than joint, greater than muscle, greater than soft tissue. The incidence of musculoskeletal infection is higher in infants and young children, and risk factors include premature birth, umbilical catheterization, urinary tract infection, immunodeficiency, and other preexisting disease. Neonates are at greater risk for infection with less virulent organisms due to immaturity of the immune system. The epidemiology of musculoskeletal infection is evolving, and the incidence of musculoskeletal infections in children, especially gram-positive infections, are increasing. Staphylococcus aureus continues to be the leading cause of musculoskeletal infection in children, and the emergence of resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus is associated with a higher rate of complications. Atypical infections such as tuberculosis have also shown resurgence in the last few decades, whereas other infections such as Haemophilus influenzae are much less prevalent due to widespread immunization. Recent advances in earlier diagnosis and treatment help to reduce complications. However, even when musculoskeletal infection is successfully treated, there may be significant long-term effects on growth.
机译:儿童的肌肉骨骼感染提出了诊断挑战,因为它们在疾病的早期阶段难以识别,并且可能与其他病理学(例如肿瘤或创伤)相混淆。疾病的严重程度可能与受累的主要组织有关,而受累的主要组织是大于关节,大于肌肉,大于软组织的骨骼。婴幼儿肌肉骨骼感染的发生率较高,危险因素包括早产,脐带导管插入,尿路感染,免疫缺陷和其他先前存在的疾病。由于免疫系统的不成熟,新生儿感染低毒生物的风险更高。肌肉骨骼感染的流行病学正在发展,儿童肌肉骨骼感染,尤其是革兰氏阳性感染的发生率正在增加。金黄色葡萄球菌仍然是儿童肌肉骨骼感染的主要原因,耐药菌如耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌的出现与更高的并发症发生率相关。在过去的几十年中,非典型性感染(如结核病)也已复发,而由于广泛的免疫接种,其他感染(如流感嗜血杆菌)的流行率要低得多。早期诊断和治疗的最新进展有助于减少并发症。但是,即使成功治疗了肌肉骨骼感染,也可能会对生长产生重大的长期影响。

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