Response to intervention and English-language learners: instructional and assessment considerations.

摘要

This article presents issues associated with the implementation of a three-tier response to intervention (RTI) approach with English-language learners (ELLs). Instructional and assessment considerations are discussed particularly as they pertain to issues of language and literacy development. Opportunities for collaboration among bilingual education, English as a second language, and general education teachers, and speech-language pathologists are identified. In addition to effective Tier 1 and Tier 2 interventions, prerequisites to the success of RTI approaches for ELLs are discussed, including school climate and effective instruction.