The proteomic approach for better understanding the physiology of bacteria adaptation to food plant environments

摘要

The proteome is a new word which indicates the PROTEins expressed by the genOME of a living organism, Proteomic analysis consists in studying the global protein expression of an organism at the level of the different cell types, tissues, physiologicalliquids, or even in the subcellular compartments (nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts....). The release of complete DNA sequences of several prokaryotes and eukaryotes organisms gives to the scientists the dictionary of all the genes which constitute the genetic inheritance of each of these organisms,, In the cells, genes are first expressed as transcripts (mRNA) which are then translated into proteins. The products from these two steps, mRNA and proteins, can be qualitatively and quantitatively different in the cells according to their nature, their localization, their physiological state and their surrounding environment. Thus, the dynamic sights of transcriptomic and proteomic evolutions come to complete the static information given by the genomicsequences. The transcriptomic and proteomic approaches concern molecular entities which are linked in the cellular functions but whose qualitative and quantitative production are not always correlated. They may provide complementary informations on how work and are regulated some metabolic pathways, some physiological responses or other cellular mechanisms, So, genomic and post genomic represent what is called today the integrative biology.