Molecular Analyses of Vanilla planifolia Cultivated in India using RAPD and ISSR Markers

摘要

The natural "vanilla flavour" obtained from the pods of Vanilla planifolia is the largest flavouring ingredient in food industry. In order to evaluate the usefulness of genetic markers such as RAPD and ISSR for assessing the diversity among clones ofV. planifolia and to create a database for the available germplasm, we investigated the existing population cultivated in India. The genetic diversity among 25 accessions collected from 13 major locations was studied. Forty random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 11 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers resulted in 326 scorable bands ranging in size from 200 bp to 2800 bp and 83 scorable bands from 200 bp to 2500 bp, respectively. Banding pattern among the different samples collected within accessions was similar indicating that the morphological difference observed within accession had no genetic background. On the other hand, molecular analysis among different accessions from different locations also yielded identical PCR band profiles inboth RAPD and ISSR analysis. These results clearly indicate that V. planifolia cultivated in India is likely to share the same genetic background and therefore, the genetic diversity is extremely low. Therefore we propose other biotechnological approaches to induce genetic variations to improve the agronomical traits.